{"id":6355,"date":"2022-03-21T13:37:49","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T12:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/preparing-your-trip\/history\/origenes-gernika-y-lumo\/"},"modified":"2026-03-05T18:52:00","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T17:52:00","slug":"origins-gernika-y-lumo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/preparing-your-trip\/history\/origins-gernika-y-lumo\/","title":{"rendered":"Origins: Gernika and Lumo"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"block-cuadro-info\">\n\t<div class=\"info-circle\">\n\t\t<i class=\"fa-solid fa-circle-info\"><\/i>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"control-box\">\n\t\t<p class=\"title\"> Table of contents<\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"box\">\n\t\t\t<ul>\n<li class=\"list-1\"><a href=\"#significado\">What does Lumo mean? <\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-1\"><a href=\"#historia\">History<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-1\"><a href=\"#ubicacion\">Location<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-1\"><a href=\"#que-ver-lumo\">What to see in Lumo<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"399\" src=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/historia-origenes-1024x399.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-970\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/historia-origenes-1024x399.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/historia-origenes-300x117.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/historia-origenes-768x299.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/historia-origenes-1536x598.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/historia-origenes-2048x797.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gernika - Lumo is the official name of our municipality, but not all that many people know where Gernika\u2019s \u201csurname\u201d comes from.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" id=\"significado\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"list-1 wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>What does Lumo mean?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Lumo isn\u2019t the name of another town, it\u2019s part of the same municipality: Gernika- Lumo. Odd as it may seem, in the Middle Ages, Gernika was no more than a district in the elizate or <strong>parish of Lumo<\/strong>, or to be more precise, <strong>the port of Lumo<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" id=\"historia\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"list-2 wp-block-heading\"><strong>History<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Several very important trade routes ran through Gernika (the port of Lumo) in the Middle Ages, such as, for example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Way of St. James<\/strong>, or to be more specific, its coastal route.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The <em>Juradera<\/em> Route or the Route of the Oath<\/strong>: the route taken by the Lord of Vizcaya in order to be accepted as such. He had to swear an oath to the ancient laws, practices and customs of the land, as stipulated by the <em>Fuero Viejo<\/em> (the Ancient Charter).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Wine and Fish Route<\/strong>: this route stretched from Bermeo to Durango, passing through Gernika and from there to Castile. Fish was carried from Bermeo, wine from La Rioja, and wool from Castile.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Gernika\u2019s strategic location, alongside other factors, led the then Lord of Vizcaya, <strong>Count Don Tello<\/strong>, to grant Gernika the title of <em>Villa <\/em>or Town, thus separating it from the parish of Lumo, which in one fell swoop lost one of its most important enclaves and a large part of its territory. Gernika received its charter as a town in <strong>1366<\/strong>. One of the privileges that Don Tello granted Gernika in its Town Charter was the right to hold a <strong>weekly market<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-gernika-escaleras-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-496\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-gernika-escaleras-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-gernika-escaleras-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-gernika-escaleras-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-gernika-escaleras-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-gernika-escaleras-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-gernika-escaleras.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Disputes between Gernika and Lumo<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>No sooner had Gernika been granted the title of town than disputes began to break out between it and Lumo. These disputes came to a head in the 16th century, more specifically in <strong>1575<\/strong>. Lumo won one of the most important lawsuits and as a result, <strong>Gernika was forced to redefine its boundaries<\/strong> to such an extent that its town centre was reduced to just 5 streets: Artekale, Goenkale, Barrenkale, and Azokakale, and another that cut across these, Santa Mar\u00eda. There were two chapels, the church of Santa Mar\u00eda inside the walls and the church of San Juan outside the walls. The latter was destroyed in the bombing raid and was subsequently not included in the plans for the reconstruction of the town.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>The union between the town and the parish<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>These disputes between the parish of Lumo and the town of Gernika finally came to an end on the 8th of January 1882<\/strong>, when Gernika and Lumo merged to form a single municipal unit. There is a street in the centre of Gernika named \u201c<strong>8 de Enero<\/strong>\u201d to commemorate this union. This date marked the beginning of <strong>Gernika-Lumo\u2019s economic development<\/strong>: the railway line was extended to the municipality, arms factories and workshops for different trades were set up and the estuary was channelled - today it flows through an underground channel beneath one of the streets in the town centre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" id=\"ubicacion\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"list-3 wp-block-heading\"><strong>Location<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The Church of San Pedro de Lumo is just 1 kilometre from the centre of Gernika. It can be reached on foot or by car:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"763\" height=\"552\" src=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Subida-a-Lumo1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3934\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Subida-a-Lumo1-1.jpg 763w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Subida-a-Lumo1-1-300x217.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 763px) 100vw, 763px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>ON FOOT: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>2.6 km ( 40 min) 140 m gradient.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Route:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tourist office<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Head to the church of Santa Mar\u00eda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pass by the Gernika Assembly House<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Continue along Calle Zearreta, skirting around the Allende Salazar Public School<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Walk up Calle Fray Mart\u00edn de Murua until you reach the old Calzada Real (Royal Road)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Follow the Calzada Real until you reach the church of San Pedro de Lumo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"787\" height=\"553\" src=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Subida-a-Lumo-coche.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3945\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Subida-a-Lumo-coche.jpg 787w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Subida-a-Lumo-coche-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Subida-a-Lumo-coche-768x540.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 787px) 100vw, 787px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>BY CAR: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1,8 km ( 4 min) <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Coordinates: 43\u00b018'45.7\"N 2\u00b041'20.6\"W<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"google-map-icon\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.es\/maps\/dir\/Oficina+de+Turismo+de+Gernika,+Artekalea+Kalea,+Guernica-Luno\/Iglesia+San+Pedro+De+Lumo,+Plaza+Betanzos+Gotzaia,+1+48300,+48300,+Biscay\/@43.3126458,-2.6880891,16z\/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0xd4e3a6acf1c11b7:0x36bf4ca15cc35e3!2m2!1d-2.678028!2d43.3152935!1m5!1m1!1s0xd4e3b022b6dc45b:0xb5c051eeb9b1332!2m2!1d-2.6893067!2d43.3125742!3e0?hl=es\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Google maps<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" id=\"que-ver-lumo\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"list-4 wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>What to see in Lumo<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"blog-imagen-franja-verde\">\n\t\t<div class=\"image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/atardecer-lumo-gernika-baserria.jpeg); height:  500px\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"green-line-debajo\"><\/div>\n\t<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"blog-imagen-franja-verde\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"green-line-encima\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sanpedro-lumo-iglesia-portada.jpg); height:  500px\"><\/div>\n\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Lumo offers a beautiful <strong>bird\u2019s eye view<\/strong> of the municipality of Gernika, and its <strong>sunsets are highly recommended.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Church of San Pedro de Lumo<\/strong>:\u00a0 Rebuilt and enlarged in the 16th century, documents attest to the existence of this ancient church as far back as 1051. Graced by a Renaissance fa\u00e7ade, this sanctuary follows the traditional canons of the austere classical churches of rural Vizcaya.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block-cuadro-info\">\n\t<div class=\"info-circle\">\n\t\t<i class=\"fa-solid fa-circle-info\"><\/i>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"control-box\">\n\t\t<p class=\"title\">Festivities<\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"box\">\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\">St. Peter&rsquo;s Day 29 June<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">St. Lorenzo&rsquo;s Day 10 August<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gernika - Lumo is the official name of our municipality, but not all that many people know where Gernika\u2019s \u201csurname\u201d comes from. What does Lumo mean?&nbsp; Lumo isn\u2019t the name of another town, it\u2019s part of the same municipality: Gernika- Lumo. Odd as it may seem, in the Middle Ages, Gernika was no more than [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":6350,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/page-planifica-viaje.php","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-6355","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","5":"entry"},"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6355"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7032,"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6355\/revisions\/7032"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gernikainfo.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}